大气湍流畸变对空间目标清晰干涉成像仿真研究

本文利用功率谱反演法分别展开对符合 Kolmogonov 统计规律和修正后的Von Karmen 统计规律的大气湍流畸变波前相位屏进行了数值模拟研究. 得到各种模型下相位屏对该成像系统干涉成像图. 仿真结果表明, 采用闭合相位原理, 基本可以消除大气湍流对光束波前的影响, 验证了采用相位闭合技术的优势.     

磁绝缘线振荡器内气体碰撞电离数值模拟

针对气体碰撞电离过程,介绍了蒙特卡罗碰撞（MMC）的处理方法,利用MMC方法编写了气体碰撞电离模块,将其移植到3维全电磁粒子模拟程序NEPTUNE之中,模拟了充有He气的磁绝缘线振荡器（MILO）。模拟结果表明:当He气密度较低时,电离的正离子由于较重无法自由移动,形成了正离子通道,可以有效中和电子束空间电荷场,有利于电子束传输和群聚,提高了束波互作用效率,微波输出功率得到了明显提高,起振时间也有所缩短;当进一步增加He气密度时,电离碰撞增强,电子和离子数目会雪崩式增长,电子束由于碰撞增强而导致能散度增大,其负效应已经远大于中和空间电荷场的正效应,反而不利于电子束的群聚和共振,从而导致输出微波功率降低乃至截断,起振时间缩短是由于其在非雪崩阶段的正效应积累所致,但是随着负效应的增强起振功率不能得以维持,二极管最终将闭合。另外,还模拟了MILO填充空气、水蒸气及二氧化碳等多原子、多组分气体的碰撞电离物理过程。模拟结果显示,同压强情况下,填充空气、水蒸气及二氧化碳的脉冲缩短现象要比填充He气等较低原子序数气体的情况严重得多。     

Clinotron的初步理论和数值模拟

在理论分析的基础上,模拟研究了微电真空太赫兹器件Clinotron。求解了色散方程,获得该器件的基本结构参数和性能参数;在考虑空间电荷场和电子回旋运动的情况下,得出能使器件内片状束稳定传输的周期永磁聚焦的磁场条件;利用3维全电磁粒子模拟程序对Clinotron进行了初步模拟以及优化。数值模拟结果表明:当输入电压为4.5 kV、发射束流大小为190 mA、输入电功率为855 W时, 运行频率为218 GHz的Clinotron的输出平均功率40 W,功率转换效率达4.68%。     

Absolute peak slope time based thickness measurement using pulsed thermography

Several methods have been reported in the literature using pulsed thermography for quantitative measurement of defect depth or sample thickness. In this paper, based on the analysis of a theoretical one-dimensional solution of pulsed thermography, we proposed to use the absolute peak slope time (APST) for quantitative measurement of defect depth. APST is the peak slope time of the curve which is obtained by multiplying the original temperature decay with the square root of the corresponding time. The theoretical model shows that APST has linear relation with square of defect depth, which was verified with the experimental results of an aluminum and a steel specimen with six flat-bottom wedges and holes as simulated defects respectively.     

Modelling of spall damage in ductile materials and its application to the simulation of the plate impact on copper

A statistical model of dynamic spall damage due to void nucleation and growth is proposed for ductile materials under intense loading, which takes into account inertia, the elastic-plastic effect, and initial void size. To some extent, void interaction could be accounted for in this approach. Based on this model, the simulation of spall experiments for copper is performed by using the Lagrangian finite element method. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data for the free surface velocity profile, stress record behind copper target, final porosity, and void concentrations across the target. The influence of elastic-plastic effect upon the damage evolution is explored. The correlation between the damage evolution and the history of the stress near the spall plane is also analyzed.     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用技术分析甜樱桃芳香成分

采用固相微萃取技术(SPME)提取‘红灯’甜樱桃果实芳香成分,运用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术进行芳香成分分析,共检测出41种芳香成分,占总峰面积的98.81%,质量分数较高的芳香成分依次为反-1,4-己二烯、己醛、2-己烯醛、(E)-2-乙烯-1-醇、1-己醇、乙醇(、E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛、己酸乙酯、苯甲醛等。     

Displacement structure approach to q-adic polynomial-Vandermonde and related matrices

In the present paper a new class of the so-called q-adic polynomial-Vandermonde-like matrices over an arbitrary non-algebraically closed field is introduced. This class generalizes both the simple and the confluent polynomial-Vandermonde-like matrices over the complex field, and the q-adic Vandermonde and the q-adic Chebyshev-Vandermonde-like matrices studied earlier by different authors. Three kinds of displacement structures and two kinds of fast inversion formulas are obtained for this class of matrices by using displacement structure matrix method, which generalize the corresponding results of the polynomial-Vandermonde-like and the q-adic Vandermonde-like matrices.     

EFFECT OF SIMULATED WEIGHTLESSNESS ON THE RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN BRAIN

In order to systematically investigate the effects of simulated weightlessness on thefunction state of human brain, 15° head-down tilt (HDT) was used to simulate weightless-ness, and the response changes of event-related EEG power spectra, medium-frequencysynchronous potentials and slow-waves were examined in the present study. It was foundthat HDT had characteristic effects on the above EEG responses, suggesting that the ef-fects mainly occurred in the brain's regulatory system, therefore, resulting in changes ofthe brain function state.     

Complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data for three new stigmastane glycosides from Vernonia cumingiana

Three new steroidal saponins, Vernoniosides S1 ( 1 ), Vernoniosides S2 ( 2 ) and Vernoniosides S3 ( 3 ) were isolated from the stem of Vernonia cumingian. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, NMR spectroscopic and chemical analysis. Complete assignment of ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic data were achieved by 1D and 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, ROESY). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Shock-induced phase transitions in the MgO-FeO system to 200 GPa

We report new shock-compression data for single-crystal MgO at 114 and 192 GPa. Our data together with the existing shock-wave data revealed a volume discontinuity at 170±10 GPa along with the MgO Hugoniot. The discontinuity gives a volume increase of 1.9%, indicating a possible phase transition from a rock-salt structure (B1) to a high-temperature phase along with the MgO Hugoniot. We re-examined the Hugoniot data on polycrystalline sample (Mg_0.6, Fe_0.4)O up to 200 GPa [M.S. Vassiliou, T.J. Ahrens, The equation of state of Mg_0.6Fe_0.4O to 200 GPa, Geophys. Res. Lett. 9 (1982) 127-130], which showed similar discontinuity with a 2.2% volume increase at 135±10 GPa. Our results add to fundamental understandings of the behavior of MgO and the lower mantle mineral magnesiowüstite (Mg, Fe)O at ultrahigh pressure and temperature.